This study focuses on the referential theory, and highlights the meaning of an expression. Reference
theory is a key problem in logic philosophy in addition to comprising an important part of Strawson
and Russell’s theory. In this study, the debates of Str
awson and Russell have been analyzed with logical
arguments. While Russell contends that sense is reference, Strawson distinguishes words, sentences,
and their usage from the perspective of pragmatics. Proposing that meaning is the characteristic of
words
or sentence, Strawson also ventures that while truth and falsehood are characteristics of sentence
use, reference is a feature of word use. Strawson’s basic theorizations in language philosophy lay the
foundation for a critique of Russell’s description th
eory which exerted a strong influence on
contemporary language philosophy and analytic philosophy. Strawson’s critique of Russell’s theory is
indicative not just of the development of reference theory research but also of the revival of ontological
researc
h in contemporary philosophy.