Objective: To determine the use of contraception and factors affecting it in the married women attending a tertiary healthcare facility of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Methodology: This hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out among the married women of Rawalpindi from January to September 2014 in a tertiary healthcare facility. The study was conducted on a sample of 331 married women of reproductive age selected with convenience sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire translated into both Urdu & English after getting informed consent. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 17. Results: Majority (71.9%) were in the age range 31-45 years. It was found that 98.5% women had knowledge of contraceptives but among them only 55.3% were using them. About female autonomy, majority were allowed to make decisions about contraception (77%) and the number of children (81.6%). Overall, 84% considered contraception beneficial, 67.3% had family planning discussion and 64% reported that they had no fear of side effects. Conclusion: Although the level of knowledge about contraception was good but contraceptive use and practice was comparatively low.